Turquoise is a hydrous copper aluminum silicate, that occurs in microcrystalline nodules. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gem and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue. In recent times turquoise, like most other opaque gems, has been devalued by the introduction of treatments, imitations, and synthetics onto the market, some difficult to detect even by experts.
Turquoise is a secondary mineral deposited from circulating waters, and it occurs chiefly as an opaque, granular vein running through a host rock. The substance has been known by many names, but the word turquoise was derived around 16th century from the French language either from the word for Turkish (Turquois) or dark-blue stone (pierre turquin). This may have arisen from a misconception: turquoise does not occur in Turkey but was traded at Turkish bazaars to Venetian merchants who brought it to Europe.
The use of turquoise dates back to 3000 B.C.- 4000 B.C.in the Sinai. It was the primary holy stone for Native Americans living in the Southwestern United States. Every Navajo carried a "personal" piece of turquoise. Middle Eastern tradition claimed that turquoise prevented accidents, especially falling. It was a talisman for horsemen, to keep them from falling off the horse. This belief carried over to Europe, evolving into the belief that if one did fall, no bones would be broken.
The healing power of turquoise is said to be a guard against all diseases. It assist in tissue regeneration, subtle body alignment & strengthening. It has been thought to warn the wearer of danger or illness by changing color. Turquoise is also believed to bring happiness and good fortune to all. It's said that turquoise attracts healing spirits, making it a premier healing stone and it is also a valuable amulet for travelers. Turquoise along with zircon are birthstones of Sagittarius (Archer) form Nov. 22-Dec. 21 and the anniversary gemstone for the 5th year of marriage.
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